Compare and Contrast Goffman’s and Foucault’s Explanations...

There are many theories regarding how social order is produced and reproduced , but this essay will focus on the similarities and differences between the two contrasting accounts of how social order is produced, provided by Goffman and Foucault. Social order is the term used to describe the unspoken rules of conduct in everyday life, or a stable social situation in which connections are maintained without change or if change occurs it is in a predictable way. (Taylor, 2009, p. 173) These differing views can be related to the governance of traffic presented in the case studies of the Buchanan report and Monderman’s thesis. This is a useful and relevant example which can be applied to the general theories which need covering first of all.†¦show more content†¦The repetitive practice and actions of these individuals create order, but as these practices change so social change comes about. Whereas Foucault suggests that we live in a disciplinary society, one where correct ive action is used to obtain and enforce obedience and order. (Silva, 2009, p. 322) From this point of view it is social order that shapes and constrains people, human behaviour being regulated by many different organisations. Foucault’s studies put forward three different types of power that are involved in the making of social order. He terms these sovereign power, that of the ruling authorities, who use punishment and laws to maintain social order. The second is surveillance, behaviour is controlled through the keeping of information about people. If people are aware of being watched they tend to regulate their own conduct. Foucault argues that the power of surveillance becomes internalised as individuals seek to make their routines and practices fit with the norm. The third is liberalism, where people are under the illusion that they are individuals with self-direction and personal choice, but have actually internalised social order due to the widespread discourse of indi vidualism. So for Foucault social order is achieved through these different levels of power permeating through society, creating disciplined self-control in the individual, what form this

Nike and “King Consumer” Free Essays

Popular culture, indeed, has always held athletes in high esteem, dating back to the days of the ancient Greeks and the first Olympiad events, thousands of years ago.   However, in recent decades, talented athletes in sports which had in the past been relegated to the upper class, such as tennis, are now embraced by the masses of all socioeconomic levels.   A case in point is the Russian tennis phenomenon Maria Sharapova. We will write a custom essay sample on Nike and â€Å"King Consumer† or any similar topic only for you Order Now    Admittedly, she is an excellent tennis player, but there are countless other talented tennis players who have not gotten even a fraction of the media attention as has Sharapova. Taking a closer look at this pop culture frenzy, the adoration that has been showered upon Sharapova and many other athletes comes down to how our culture has influenced advertising (USA Today); more specifically, one can clearly argue that Sharapova and others grabbed their biggest share of fame once they began to commercially promote products such as Nike brand clothing and shoes, showing the power of advertising to focus the love of the masses on someone based on an image seen in commercials, as well as the ways that culture has influenced product brands. The Rise of Consumerism As was alluded to in the introduction of this paper, the common denominator in the rise of athletes to god-like status in society, and the growth of companies like Nike into multi billion dollar marketing machines, can all be attributed to the masses, leading to academic studies of consumers in such frequency that terms like consumerism have been coined to identify the analysis of the behavior and power of the consumer to dictate how the business world ultimately operates, what it offers to the public, and how the future of consumer goods will unfold. Experts in the study of consumerism have attributed the rise of consumerism itself to the global spread of what can best be described as material desire; in other words, the economic freedom that many parts of the world have been exposed to for the first time over the last quarter century or so has bred a new generation of consumers, who have the desire to possess consumer goods and finally have the financial means to buy them (Sussman).   Especially desirable are the â€Å"brand name† goods which consumers view as a symbol of affluence; the Nike â€Å"swoosh† symbol, for instance, is something that people consider a sign of success when it appears on their shoes or clothing. This, in itself, speaks volumes about the extent of consumerism with the use of a simple, yet telling example.   Because of the availability of foreign made, inexpensive clothing and shoes, it would make sense that if one merely wanted to keep warm or protect their feet, they would buy the least expensive, yet functional merchandise they could obtain; however, more often than not, consumers will pay much more than they have to for clothing items because of the presence of a Nike symbol or any of a score of others which have universal appeal.   In fairness to Nike and others, they do make products of sufficient quality and functionality, but also in fairness, one can find goods of similar, or even superior quality at lower prices, â€Å"sans swoosh† if you will.   The difference, once again, is the power of consumerism to dictate what one should wear on their bodies to be considered worthy in society. Catering to King Consumer When looking at the role of the consumer, it can fairly be said that we are really looking at â€Å"king† or â€Å"queen†, as marketing efforts target, and effectively reach, both genders.   In the case of Nike, the understated in fact speaks volumes; for example, the previously mentioned Maria Sharapova is presented by Nike as â€Å"just a tennis player† (Nike-United States).   In this case, what is not said actually screams out to the consumer.   The implication on the part of Nike is clear- their products hold the potential to bring out greatness, or to satisfy the highest needs of the most talented athletes like Sharapova.   This speaks volumes not only about the power of advertising, but also a bit about our culture. Culture’s Influence on Advertising The all-powerful consumer also wields a great deal of influence in terms of how companies like Nike advertise their products.   Going back to an example similar to the one in the previous section, Nike, in investing multiple millions of dollars in advertising, could purchase quite literally a ton of advertising year-round, but will spend the same amount for one quick television advertisement during the Super Bowl. The reason why is that the consumer dictates that for Nike and others, Super Bowl advertising is a command performance, much like attendance at a family dinner party to maintain harmony with one’s siblings.   This is indicative of both the power of the consumer to direct marketing strategy, and the power of the media to create powerful companies quite literally overnight in some cases (Kellner).   In the words of our old friends at Nike, consumerism and culture are tied together as such: â€Å"In a commercial culture that blends celebrity, product, and image, it is only natural that the sports shoe transnational Nike – as well as many other corporations – would purchase   star power to promote its products. Accordingly, I argue that the Nike connection calls attention to the extent to which media culture is transforming sports into a spectacle that sells the values, products, celebrities, and institutions of the media and consumer society† (Kellner, p. 64) . Culture is also a powerful ingredient in the consumerism mix; when one takes a look at the styles of clothing and shoes that Nike offers, as well as their advertising, it is clear that urban culture is a strong influence, leading to farm kids in Iowa, for example, wearing Nike gear, even though the closest they may have ever come to city life is seeing graffiti on a tractor trailer rolling through their town, on the way to somewhere else.   The point to be made is that popular culture is a driving force in marketing today. Conclusion In an image-obsessed society such as ours, material goods can, and do, create legendary, larger than life individuals, who in turn sell billions of dollars in products, and the cycle continues.   As a conclusion, perhaps the old saying is the best: â€Å"consumer is king†! Works Cited Kellner, Douglas. Media Spectacle. New York: Routledge, 2003. (Nike-United States  Ã‚   2007)Nike-United States. 2007. Nike, Inc.. 5 Mar. 2007 http://www.nike.com. Sussman, Charlotte. â€Å"Consumerism in World History: The Global Transformation of Desire.† The Historian 66.1 (2004): 211+. â€Å"Tennis Royalty Crowned by Prince.† USA Today (Society for the Advancement of Education) Nov. 2005: 78+.    How to cite Nike and â€Å"King Consumer†, Essay examples

Taxation and Law Practice Accruals Accounting

Question: Describe about the Taxation and Law Practice for Accruals Accounting. Answer: Arthur Murray (NSW) Pty Ltd V FCT (1965) 114 CLR 314 Facts The taxpayer received prepaid tuition for providing dancing lessons. The taxpayer encouraged the prepaid tuition fees by providing the students discount for advance payment of fees. The advance tuition fees were recorded in suspense account and the name of the account was unearned deposit- untaught lessons account. The fees were transferred from the suspense account to revenue account after the taxpayer has provided the tuition. There was an agreement between the taxpayer and student that no refund is available for advance tuition fees paid. The prepaid tuition fees were not included in the assessable income, as the taxpayer did not consider it as income derived. The taxpayer only included those fees in assessable income for which dancing lessons have been provided during the year (Brody et al., 2014). The commissioner of tax calculated the assessable income of the taxpayer on receipt basis. The commisioner in the assessable income included the fees in the year it is received and not in the year the service was provided. Issue The court is required to determine the treatment of the prepaid tuition fees for the purpose of tax. The question before the court was whether the advance fees are to include in the assessable income in the year the service is provided or in the year, the fees are received in advance. Conclusion It was decided by the court that the taxpayer derived income in the year the service is provided so advance fees should be included in the income in the year the service is provided. The general rule that if the service for which the advance fees are received has not been provided then the advanced fees should not be included in the assessable income (Saad, 2014). The fee that was received in advance is not required to be refunded by the taxpayer as per the agreement. If the students did not take the lessons, then the taxpayer in general practice refunded the advance fees received from the student (Dunne et al., 2016). The court therefore held that the taxpayer could not include the prepaid fees received, as income as there exists a possibility that the fees received in advance could be refunded. a) i) According to section, 6-5 of the ITA Act 1997 the income derived during the year should be included in the assessable income of the taxpayer. The section 6-5(4) further provides that it is considered as income derived if the income is actually received by the taxpayer or anyone else on behalf of the taxpayer (Robson, 2014). The income is recognized under two methods for the purpose of tax these are earning method and receipt method. The method that correctly reflects the income of the taxpayer during the income year should be chosen for computing income for the purpose of tax. The taxation ruling 98/1 in Para 19 provides that receipt method is appropriate when the income is received from investment, income received by employees and other non-business income. In Para 20 of the ruling it is provided that earning method is considered appropriate in case of income is derived from trading and manufacturing business (Dzhumashev, 2014). The earning method is considered as the most suitable method for determining income for the purpose of tax. ii) The RIP Pty Ltd is a company that is engaged providing funeral and other associated services. The company in the year 30 June 2016 made a profit of $2.45 million. The company earned revenue by providing funeral and associated services. It received payment from customers under different schemes and method and this are: Under a net 30 days involve from the customers Under a net 30 days invoice from external insurance companies From RIP Finance under installment repayment scheme In advance as installments under Easy future Plan As per the general rule, earning method represents the business in most appropriate way. The income of RIP Pty Ltd should be recognized, as revenue as the service is provided as per the earning method and the company should not wait for actual receipt of money for recognizing it as income. The company received fees in advance under easy future plan for providing the required service in future (French, 2013). The fees under this scheme are received as advance installments and this fees are non-refundable. If a member fails to clear all the installments then the advance fees are forfeited and transferred is to a separate account. The forfeited fees should be recognized as revenue as the company does not have any liability to provide service in the future. Based on the above analysis it is concluded that the income of the RIP Pty Ltd is derived in the year the actual service is provided. b) In the case of Arthur Murray, the income is derived in the year the service is actually provided was held by the court. A general rule was also stated in the case that in the year the service is provided the income should be actually recognized in that year (Gaal, 2013). The company took advance fees from the customers for providing funeral services in the future under the scheme in the name of easy future plan. The company treated the advance fees received as income in the year the advance is received. The situation of the Arthur Murray and the case of RIP Pty Ltd is similar so the principle of accounting treatment that was held in the case of Arthur Murray is applicable in the case of RIP Pty Ltd (Paturot et al., 2013). Therefore based on the Arthur Murray case the advance fees received by the company should be treated as income in the year the funeral service is provided and not in the year the advance is received. c) The ordinary income under section 6-5 of the ITA Act 1997 can be determined under two methods for the purpose of tax. The two methods that are mentioned in the Taxation Ruling 98/1 are the receipt method and the earning method. According to the receipt method, income is derived in the year the income is received (Kenny, 2013). There cash basis or cash received basis are the other names of the receipt methods. The subsection 4 of section 6-5 of the ITA Act 1997 it is stated that it will be considered as income derived for the purpose of tax though it is not received by the taxpayer but is received someone other than the taxpayer on his behalf. There is another method of accounting for income received mentioned in the Taxation ruling 98/1 that is the earning method. Under earning method, the income is derived when a recoverable debt is created. A recoverable debt is created when the service as per the agreement has been provided and the debt can be legally recovered. The earning method is also known as cash and credit method or accrual method (Long et al., 2016). Therefore, it can be concluded that the taxpayer and the commissioner has two methods of accounting and the method that best reflects the income derived during the year should be preferred. II The easy future plan was a scheme run by RIP Pty Ltd. Under this scheme, the customers are required to pay in installments the fees in advance and the company undertakes to provide funeral service in future. If the fees are not fully paid by the customer then such fees were forfeited by the company and were transferred to a separate account called forfeited payment account. The company is not liable to provide funeral service for incomplete fees received. It is advised that the company should include the forfeited amount in the assessable income because the fees are non-refundable and there is no liability of the company to provide service in the future. Therefore, for the purpose of tax the balance of $16200.00 in the forfeited account should be treated as income (MacDonald, 2012). Part B. I The trading stock is defined under section 70-10 of the ITA Act 1997. The section states that anything that is manufactured, produced or acquired and is used in the ordinary course of business for the purpose sale, manufacture or exchange is included within the meaning of trading stock. The CGT assets and financial agreements are not included within the meaning of trading stock (Bray, 2014). The section 70-25 of the ITA Act states that an amount of capital nature should not be included in the stock. The caskets and accessories purchased by the RIP Pty Ltd are used for providing the services in the ordinary course of business. Therefore, for the purpose of tax the caskets and accessories should be treated as trading stock. The section 8-1 of the ITA Act 1997 states that the amount that is incurred for the purpose of trading stock is allowed as allowed as general deduction. The amount incurred for the purchase of trading stock is allowed as deduction in the year it becomes part of the stock in hand as per section 70-15 of the ITA Act 1997. The RIP paid advance in June 2016 for stock that is to be delivered in August 2016. The amount incurred can be claimed as general deduction under section 8-1 of the ITA Act 1997 to the extent the expenses were necessary for generating an assessable income during the year. The RIP Pty Ltd made a payment for the purchase of trading stock that is to be delivered in the next income year and the amount incurred has not contributed in producing the assessable income so it is advised that the prepayment for stock should be treated as advance as on 30 June 2016. II The income received from any source outside or within Australia should be should be included with the assessable income of a resident taxpayer as per section 6-5 of the ITA Act 1997. The dividend amount that is received by the company is taxable based on the provision mentioned above. The dividends that are received are fully franked so the company is allowed to take franking credits. The definition and a list of CGT assets are included in the section of 100-25 of the ITA Act 1997. The list in the section does not include advance paid for rental storage as capital assets. The rent amount for two years that is paid should be treated as advance rent and the rent for four months should be treated as expenses in the current income year and is allowed as general deduction under section 8 of the ITA Act 1997. The unused long service leave received by a taxpayer is included in the assessable income as per section 83-80 of the ITA Act 1997. The RIP Pty Ltd has paid an advance of three-month long service leave. The amount that is paid in advance for long service leave should be treated as expenses and not as an advance (Berger, 2016). III The amount that is incurred for producing assessable income can be claimed as expenses for general deduction under section 8-1 of the ITA Act 1997. The ITA Act in section 100-25 provides a list of CGT assets and the list includes land and building as CGT assets (Athanasiou, 2014). The expenses that are incurred for the purpose of land and building are of capital nature and should not be allowed as general deduction under section 8 of the ITA Act 1997. The expenses that are incurred for construction of Onsite Park, equipments and landscaping should be included as capital expenditure and not as general deductions. References Athanasiou, A. (2014). Changing from cash to accruals accounting.Taxation in Australia,48(8), 459. Berger, L. L. (2016).Bitcoin exchange transactions: income tax implications to consider within the South African environment(Doctoral dissertation). Bray, J. R. (2014). 18. Changes in Inequality in Australia and the Redistributional Impacts of Taxes and Government Benefits.Measuring and promoting wellbeing: how important is, 423. Brody, E., Breen, O. B., McGregor-Lowndes, M., Turnour, M. (2014). 5 An Unrelated Income Tax for Australia?.Performance Management in Nonprofit Organizations: Global Perspectives,17, 87. Dunne, J., Taylor, H., Batten, N., Krapivensky, N. (2016). 2015 case review: High ATO success rate continues.Taxation in Australia,50(10), 609. Dzhumashev, R. (2014). Corruption and growth: The role of governance, public spending, and economic development.Economic Modelling,37, 202-215. French, R. (2013). Law-complexity and moral clarity.Brief,40(6), 25. Gaal, J. (2013). CGT Small Business Reliefs: The Comprehensive Practitioner's Handbook.CGT Small Business Reliefs: The Comprehensive Practitioner's Handbook, xxviii. Kenny, P. L. (2013). Aligning Income Tax Laws with Accounting Rules: A Simplified Tax System Case Study.Available at SSRN 2340888. Long, B., Campbell, J., Kelshaw, C. (2016). The justice lens on taxation policy in Australia.St Mark's Review, (235), 94. MacDonald, A. (2012). Introduction to taxing of trusts.Concise Collection of Tax Fundamentals, A, 51. Paturot, D., Mellbye, K., Brys, B. (2013). Average personal income tax rate and tax wedge progression in OECD countries. Robson, A. (2014). Australia's carbon tax: An economic evaluation.Economic Affairs,34(1), 35-45. Saad, N. (2014). Tax knowledge, tax complexity and tax compliance: Taxpayers view.Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences,109, 1069-1075.

Morphology and Phonology

Morphology is a linguistic term that refers to the process of identifying and describing morphemes, parts of speech, intonations, affixes, and root words of a language. It establishes the relationship between words and grammar rules. For instance, it enables learners to comprehend the difference between words like ball and balls. In this case, the difference is the morpheme â€Å"s’ that represents the plural form of the word ball.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Morphology and Phonology specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Important aspects of morphology include lexemes and word forms, types of word formation, paradigms and morphosyntax, allomorphy, as well as word inflexion, and word formation. Morphological knowledge enables learners to break down complex words into simpler forms in order to enhance comprehension, reading, and writing. On the other hand, it enables learners to join small word units in orde r to form new words. Good readers possess large vocabularies and excellent writing skills because their morphological skills are well developed. They use these skills to form new words by adding suffixes, prefixes, and roots to certain words. In addition, good readers have high levels of comprehension. In contrast, poor readers have smaller vocabularies and poor writing skills due to poor comprehension of word formation using prefixes, suffixes, and roots. Learners use morphological knowledge to develop reading strategies. Good readers have good reading strategies while poor readers have poor reading strategies. In order to enhance morphology instruction in classrooms, instructors should teach morphology as a core component of vocabulary. For that reason, they should equip students with knowledge on how to use prefixes, roots, and suffixes to form new words. In addition, students should learn morphology as a cognitive strategy. Finally, teachers should emphasize the importance of co nnectives in morphology. Examples of connectives include words like therefore, for that reason, furthermore, and however. This knowledge is important in the improvement of reading and comprehension skills. Phonological awareness is the ability to detect and alter word sounds based on their sound structures. It is achieved through the study of phonemes, syllables, and onsets as well as rimes. In addition, phonological awareness is achieved through development of listening skills, completion of syllable-structure tasks, execution of onset-rime awareness tasks, and completion of phonemic awareness tasks. Each of the aforementioned tasks equips learners with different phonological skills. Phonological awareness is one of the most important aspects of reading and listening. It determines the development of reading speed. Research has revealed that phonological awareness is a metalinguistic skill that enables learners to reflect on word structures as a way of improving comprehension. The supervisor’s suggestion is a good one because phonological awareness determines the speed and degree to which learners master reading, writing, and spelling.Advertising Looking for essay on linguistics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It also determines mastery of vocabulary. On the other hand, phonological awareness improves the ability to decode words during reading. People who possess phonological knowledge form distinct connections between different letters and sounds thus improving their spelling skills. In children with language development problems, phonological awareness is used to overcome written-language difficulties. This is achieved by teaching them how to read, spell, and write through execution of rhyme-level tasks, phoneme-level tasks, and syllable-level tasks. An example of a phonological awareness activity that can be used in classrooms is phoneme teaching. For instance, an instructor can give learners a set of words and ask them to give words that begin with the same sound. Another task is spoken word recognition. This task involves determining whether certain words like shell and bell rhyme. This essay on Morphology and Phonology was written and submitted by user Kyra T. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Study of Osmosis Along A Free-Energy Gradient essays

Study of Osmosis Along A Free-Energy Gradient essays STUDY OF OSMOSIS ALONG A FREE-ENERGY GRADIENT USING SUCROSE AND DIALYSIS TUBING Osmosis is diffusion of water across a differentially permeable membrane in living organisms and is vital to the functioning of living cells. Osmosis can be simulated by using dialysis tubing; each bag represents an individual cell. This experiment was to determine the flow of osmosis in various types of environments: hypertonic, hypotonic, and isotonic. In order to do this, each dialysis bag was filled with 10 ml of 1%, 25%, or 50% sucrose respectively, weighed, and then placed in two beakers of 50% or 1% sucrose concentrations. The movement of water was tracked by weighing the bags 4 times in one hour. It was found that bags with a lower concentration of sucrose than the environment (Bag A) lost weight. Bags with higher concentrations of sucrose (Bags C The cell is the basic unit of life. Without cells, we would not exist. To study life, one must first start at the foundation of life: the cell. For a cell to exist there must be something, some sort of structure, which regulates the flow of materials and liquids into and out of the cell. For both prokaryotic, (bacteria,) and eukaryotic, (all other organisms,) cells, that structure is called the plasma membrane. And that regulation is passive transport, which relies heavily on a little thing called osmosis. Essentially, osmosis is the passive transport of water. Passive transport means that the molecules can pass through the membrane from state of high free-energy to a stable state of low free-energy without external forces. For osmosis to occur, there must be some sort of difference in fr...

50 Inspiring Writing Prompts to Kick Writers Block

50 Inspiring Writing Prompts to Kick Writers Block Are you stuck for something to write about? Maybe youre scratching your head trying to come up with a fresh idea for a personal essay- a narrative or an extended description. Perhaps youre in the habit of keeping a journal or a blog, but today, for some reason, you cant think of a blessed thing to say. Maybe you need exercise to start a short story or need to do some prewriting for plot or character development for a longer fiction piece. Heres something that may help: a list of 50 brief writing prompts. The items on the list are not full-blown essay topics, just hints, snippets, cues, and clues to prod your memory, kick  writers block, and get you started. 50 Writing Prompts Take a minute or two to look over the list. Then pick one prompt that brings to mind a particular image, experience, or idea. Start writing (or freewriting) and see where it takes you. If after a few minutes you hit a dead end, dont panic. Simply return to the list, pick another prompt,  and try again.  Inspiration can truly come from anywhere. Its just a matter of freeing your mind from distraction and letting your imagination lead you where it may. When you discover something that intrigues or surprises you, thats the idea to develop further.   Everyone else was laughing.On the other side of that doorLate againWhat Ive always wantedA sound Id never heard beforeWhat if...The last time I saw himAt that moment I should have left.Just a brief encounterI knew how it felt to be an outsider.Hidden away in the back of a drawerWhat I should have saidWaking up in a strange roomThere were signs of trouble.Keeping a secretAll I have left is this photo.It wasnt really stealing.A place I pass by every dayNobody can explain what happened next.Staring at my reflectionI should have lied.Then the lights went out.Some might say its a weakness.Not again!Where Id go to hide out from everyoneBut thats not my real name.Her side of the storyNobody believed us.It was time to change schools again.We climbed to the top.The one thing Ill never forgetFollow these rules, and well get along fine.It may not be worth anything.Never againOn the other side of the streetMy father used to tell meWhen nobody was lookingIf I could do it over againOf course it wa s illegal. It wasnt my idea.Everyone was staring at me.It was a stupid thing to say.Hiding under my bedIf I tell you the truthMy secret collectionFootsteps in the darkThe first cut is the deepest.Trouble, big troubleLaughing uncontrollablyIt was just a game to them.

Marco Polo's Travel Account Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Marco Polo's Travel Account - Essay Example After having analyzed Marco Polo`s travelogue in detail along with the second hand accounts on his writings written afterwards, a few patterns can be identified conveniently. These accounts suggest that the Mongolian Empire which belonged to the Kublai Khan (1214-1294) was a highly glorified one, in the sense that the architecture of the farfetched land, especially Kublai`s palace was beyond imagination, also the Mongolian culture unlike that perceived by the Westerners is a highly enriched one which escalates the senses of anyone experiencing it. Moreover, though Marco Polo had also mentioned the hardships and distance which he had to face in detail, which implies that the journey was a highly difficult one, even after they possessed the VIP pass, however on experiencing their cultures and having the experience of staying close to Kublai Khan for so long, he finally concludes that the hardships were worth it. However, those who have reflected on the works of Marco Polo have further doubted the credibility of Marco Polo on the account that neither had he learnt the Chinese language during all those years, and adding insult to injury, some of the accounts which he had presented are way too amazing to be true. "When a man is riding through this desert by night and for some reason -falling asleep or anything else -he gets separated from his companions and wants to rejoin them, he hears spirit voices talking to him as if they were his companions, sometimes even calling him by name. Often these voices lure him away from the path and he never finds it again, and many travelers have got lost and died because of this. Sometimes in the night travelers hear a noise like the clatter of a great company of riders away from the road; if they believe that these are some of their own company and head for the noise, they find themselves in deep trouble when daylight comes and they realize their mistake.† ---- Marco Polo  Travels Quoted above is an account from the Marco Polo travels, an excerpt which indicates the hardships which he and even his companions had to face on their way to Cathay. Analyzing the excerpt, like the one quoted above, one may literally experience the intensity of hardships on the way, also the feelings of helplessness and extreme hunger and isolation while there is no way back. One might even start imagining that he is rather accompanying Marco Polo on his journey, given the quality of writings produced by Marco Polo where he has poured his heart out. Since Marco Polo`s father was a great merchant who had visited Cathay early on for trade, he had the honor of having met Kublai Khan, the emperor of Cathay, and thus the emperor had bestowed the merchant with a VIP passport, which allowed them to access horsebacks and other necessities and luxuries when the Polo brothers were to accompany their father. Relying on these where he experienced an adrenaline rush all that time while he was away, having gathered both good and bad tim es with him driving on either extreme like a pendulum. However, his stay in Cathay being close to Kublai Khan was rather more of a compensation for all he had experienced during his journey, and once Kublai Khan died, the miseries of Marco Polo still continued however these miseries contributed towards the writings

Organizational Leadership Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 5000 words

Organizational Leadership - Essay Example The critical role of a strategic leader in the overall success of the organization therefore is really important in terms of ensuring that the organization has a direction and a vision to achieve while at the same time ensuring that it can successfully deal with its external environment. Leaders and leadership within the organization therefore are probably the most important facets of a modern organization in order to help it to become successful and strategically managed. However, leaders ability to understand the general business environment, competition as well as the political economy are some of the really important aspects which make a leader successful in the current business environment. Above all the strategic thinking is extremely important in order to ensure that the leaders have the enough skills and capabilities to successfully negotiate with such challenges. This paper will look into the effects of strategic thinking and practices of business leaders in dynamic business environment. Leadership defined Before discussing on the strategic role of leadership, it is critical that a comprehensive view of the overall concept of leadership is presented in order to ensure that a solid theoretical foundation is laid for further discussion. Leadership has been defined in different manners and its definition has also changed over the period of time as the overall research on the subject evolved. What is also however, critical to understand that the leadership is often associated with the achievement of a common goal and how leader through his or her influence can actually get best out of the individuals to perform to their best.? It is significant to understand that leadership is often associated with the achievement of defined and shared objectives which are set... From the discussion it is clear that leaders and leadership within the organization therefore are probably the most important facets of a modern organization in order to help it to become successful and strategically managed.   However, leaders ability to understand the general business environment, competition as well as the political economy are some of the really important aspects which make a leader successful in the current business environment. Above all the strategic thinking is extremely important in order to ensure that the leaders have the enough skills and capabilities to successfully negotiate with such challenges.This paper stresses that  leadership has been defined in different manners and its definition has also changed over the period of time as the overall research on the subject evolved. What is also however, critical to understand that the leadership is often associated with the achievement of a common goal and how leader through his or her influence can actual ly get best out of the individuals to perform to their best.? It is significant to understand that leadership is often associated with the achievement of defined and shared objectives which are set at the beginning and the organizational resources are committed in order to ensure that the desired objectives are achieved. Leadership therefore is also associated with the effective utilization of the resources in order to achieve the desired objectives of the firm.

A summary of the Chapter ‘We Cheer Jim Up Essay Example for Free

A summary of the Chapter ‘We Cheer Jim Up Essay In the chapter ‘We Cheer Jim Up,’ Huck Finn and Tom Sawyer are faced with the challenge of stealing Jim from Tom’s Aunt Sally Phelp’s plantation without being caught. The fact that they have to dig Jim out of a small, dark shack does make this task much harder for the two boys, especially since it is guarded with dogs and other African American slaves. Huck Finn and Tom Sawyer both scheme together to come up with a brilliant plan. They even lie to a slave about their relation to Jim, so to keep their actual friendship with Jim, and their plot to free him, secret. Â  In this chapter, Huck actually feels extremely guilty for committing a sin—stealing some-one’s slave. Normally, Huck enjoys the thrill of living on the edge and engaging in unlawful activities. However, he suddenly feels very apprehensive about this act he and Tom are about to commit and even questions Tom about this. Â  His experience of being held hostage by his drunken father has also enabled Huck to cope and deal with difficult situations in a more mature manner than when he lived with the widow. Nevertheless, Huck is faced with a personal conflict within himself. While he desperately wants to free Jim, he is bothered by the potential consequences that he and, especially Jim, will have to face if caught. A main theme being developed in this chapter is the idea of superstition. The slave that takes Huck and Tom to the shack to see Jim talks about nothing but witches and how he is constantly pestered by their voices. Every sound he hears, he believes it is the witches returning to trouble him. This chapter also introduces one powerful symbol. One might say that the tiny shack symbolizes the bondage African American people experienced on plantation farms back in those days. The darkness and dismal conditions of the shack where Jim was chained and confound also represents the cruel treatment run-away slaves, and African slaves in general, were treated.

Neo-Confucianism Essay -- Chinese Philosophy, Ming

Neo-Confucianism, with a goal of keeping unobscured the inborn luminous Virtue [true goodness] of all men throughout the empire[1] and thus establishing a social harmony, was a complex ethical political system governing the society in late Ming China. Adopting the philosophy as their ideological legitimacy, Choson kingdom and Tokugawa shogunate applied it in different settings due to their structure of government and cultural background. However, they both inherited the main elements of the philosophy: the notion of universal principle encouraging people to behave good, five virtues[2], self-cultivation and five hierarchical relationships of society[3]. By means of traditions, rituals, laws, publications, educational institutions and many more, the philosophy was imbibed in the lives of Choson court and Tokugawa samurai. Yet, as it was in Ming China, the governments of these two realms could not always â€Å"control the interests of its people†[4] and make them adhere to the i deology. Complex situations of life together with the fallibility of human nature making people unable to always lead intellectual, moral and aloof life[5] led to gaps between the philosophy and its experiences. The court of Choson kingdom, where the very state orthodoxy should be practiced in its highest level, was ironically also a haven for its conflicts. Extended royal family lived together in the court and exercised filial piety among each other: devotion between all family members including mourning for deceased ones and visits to the ancestral tombs. Lady Hyegyong, in her memoirs, noted many examples of genuine filial devotion in the royal family; that of King Yongjo himself preparing medicine for his ill stepmother, Queen Dowager Inwon[6], and the sa... ...eeping himself to learning and frugality as Mori Yoshiki did. In order to get what he wanted from others, he even could violate the principle of being true to oneself as he imitated committing hara-kiri. Yet, he then regretted the outcome of his easy life while pondering over in his old age and was also startled with the findings that throughout the history, there were many who acted like him and made mistakes. Human beings are mystery to themselves. Through law, through ideology, one can still be not governed. Neo-Confucianism, with its practical appeal, attracted the governments and was applied. Though, as it claims to be, the philosophy could not be practiced naturally as it should be. Some parts were accepted, some not. People were still free on their own. However, Neo-Confucianism could shape lives of people and contributed its share to human civilization.

Melodramatic stage Essay

â€Å"It isn’t so free here either, Rodolfo, like you think. I seen greenhorns sometimes get in trouble that way – they think just because girls do not go around with a shawl around her head that she isn’t strict, y’know?† Girls don’t have to wear black dresses to be strict. Know what I mean?†Ã‚  Although Eddie did not absolutely loose his temper he has forewarned Rodolfo very frankly in front of the whole of household that he should keep his distance from Catherine. â€Å"Well, I always have respect †Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬Å"I know, but in your town you wouldn’t just drag off some girl without permission, you know what I mean Marco?†Ã‚  Marco who has been quiet until now cautiously says yes, he does not want to interfere between Rodolfo and Catherine but does not want to answer Eddie ‘no’ as this would make Eddie distrustful of him, which he wants to avoid.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Well he didn’t just drag her off though, Eddie.†Ã‚  Beatrice on the other hand gets fractious by this and sharply replies to Eddie, Eddie aware of her criticising force softens up but doesn’t stop. He goes on to say –  Ã¢â‚¬Å"It might be a little different here, but it is just as strict.† Rodolfo now realises Eddie’s anger for him and in a tender-hearted voice asks him-  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Did I do anything wrong.†Ã‚  Eddie now propitiates and tells him that he is not her father, but before he could finish, Beatrice ungraciously interrupts and rebukes him to be her uncle. Eddie realising her indignation keeps his temper under control, as he wants to show Rodolfo who is the person in jurisdiction of the house  Marco who has been without intervention listening to the whole matter gets up in a censurable way and asks Beatrice and Eddie to tell Rodolfo, if he has made any mistakes. Marco probably does not fully actualizes Eddie’s anger against Rodolfo yet, he thinks it is ephemeral and tries to make things more transparent and satisfy Eddie. Beatrice tells Eddie that the reason why Rodolfo and Catherine came late was because the movie ended late, but Marco tries to calm Eddie by asking Rodolfo to come home early. Eddie sensing Marco on his side tries to restrict Rodolfo’s movements and stop him going out with Catherine by saying –  Ã¢â‚¬Å"Look, kid, I am not only talking about her. The more you run around like this more chance there is that you get picked by immigration bureau†.  Beatrice senses Eddie’s intentions and again ungraciously interrupts him between his conversations and says that there is the same chance in the daytime. Until now Eddie has been attempting to make his point Non contentiously, but after being ungraciously rebuked by Beatrice, he gracelessly tells cousins that he thought they were both coming here to work and earn money, not fool around. This exceptionally strikes with Marco as he has responsibility for feeding his wife and children. Marco confirms with Eddie, that this is still the case. This embarrasses Marco, because by saying that if you are here to work than you should work, Eddie is essentially saying you can only live in my house if, you work hard and particularly mind your own business. This is of exceptional significance to Marco as he has four children and a wife who he has to send money which provides for their food and medicine, or else they would die. This is also the first awkwardness between Marco and Eddie as until now Eddie has regarded Marco as a hard working man and always respected him. Catherine who is the focal point of this entire repercussion between cousins and Eddie is now glowing with revolt against him. Catherine who is a grown up girl, who wants to be free and spend more time with Rodolfo views Eddie as someone preventing her from outside world, indeed, Eddie is obsessed with Catherine and is extremely over-protective towards her. He wants to dominate every aspect of her life, from the clothes she wears to the person she waves to and where she should go for a job. And now Catherine flushed with anger tries to disobey Eddie by inviting Rodolfo to dance with her on ‘Paper Doll’. Rodolfo, who is afraid that Eddie may make an issue of this, shows some fictional unwillingness in difference to Eddie. Beatrice countenances Rodolfo to go ahead and dance. Catherine takes Rodolfo’s hand and he stiffly rises, feeling Eddie’s eyes on his back they dance. The tension between the characters can be easily seen in their actions. Catherine’s rebellious behaviour is easily visible, when she goes to Rodolfo and takes his hand in her hand and invites him to dance. Rodolfo doesn’t easily agrees to dance, he first shows fictional unwillingness feeling Eddie’s eyes on his back, but after being inspired by Beatrice stiffly rises and goes to dance.  Eddie perceiving the tension in the house does not react to Catherine dancing with Rodolfo, but turns his head away in a very deprecate demeanour. At this point in the play, audience know that Eddie Carbone is very prophylactic towards his niece and he despises Rodolfo. This new crisis has taken a categorically different turn; Catherine is becoming more and more mutinous and Beatrice is advocating Rodolfo and Catherine. Eddie seems to be the only person secluded trying to what he thinks, protect Catherine from Rodolfo. Audience anticipate this extremity to be deciphered possibly by Beatrice. Throughout the whole play Beatrice has been impersonated by Miller as the most consequential person on Eddie Carbone, she has also actively tried to diffuse the tensions by jokes and in some contentions she has taken sides and silenced Eddie. She is also the person who is most consequential and proximate to Eddie. However, Carbone household is once again under strain, as Eddie Carbone the prophylactic, unpretentious character soon finds out that he is  Un-proficient to control his indignation, covetousness and detestation towards Rodolfo. Until now, Eddie has only been manifesting his indignation towards Rodolfo through declamation, but this melodramatically changes after Catherine, crimsoned with rebellion, disgusted with Eddie’s intervention in every countenance of her life invites Rodolfo to dance with her. This brings out an exorbitant indignation from Eddie, now we see Eddie expressing his vehemence not only through words but also through actions. After the dance, Eddie Carbone infuriated by his indignation delivers an atrocious dialogue to the whole of the household about Rodolfo.  Ã¢â‚¬Å"He’s lucky, believe me. That’s why the waterfront is no place for him. I mean like me – I can’t cook, I can’t sing, I can’t make dresses, so I’m on the waterfront. But if I could cook, if I could sing, if I could make dresses, I wouldn’t be on the water front.†Ã‚  This speech is of un-describable significance to the play. In this speech Eddie nearly exposes the whole issue in front of the whole household, by his dialogue but more by his actions. Eddie, by the end of his speech is perfunctorily twisting the newspaper in his hand in to a tight roll when it unexpectedly tears in half. This shows exasperated and how fretful Eddie has become of Rodolfo’s relationship with Catherine, and now Eddie’s indignation has reached a new level against Rodolfo and now his furore a nd ire can be seen in his actions. As seen throughout the whole play Miller uses melodramatic stage directions and often characters dramatize actions which changes the course of the whole play. For example, Eddie’s furore and ire against Rodolfo are disclosed, when Eddie rolls the newspaper in to a tight roll and then it tears in two. These types of actions not only give audiences clues of how this particular character will react to this character and to this kind of situation next time, but also gives them clues of what will happen next in the play.

Current Ethical Issues Paper Essay

The Virtual Organization that I have chosen to discuss is the Huffman Trucking Company. The Huffman Trucking Company’s mission is to be a profitable company that is capable of growth and able to adapt in an industry that is intensely competitive in a business environment. The vision of the Huffman Trucking Company is to become a model company to its dedicated employees, stockholders, stakeholders and its customers. The Huffman Trucking Company is based in the United States and its customers are based in the United States as well of its primary customers being the United States government itself. Customers of the Huffman Trucking Company also include automotive parts suppliers and its manufacturers. The Huffman Trucking Company also transports electronic parts to its customers. They also transport raw materials for manufactures of plastic goods as well as many other materials. The Huffman Trucking Company is a medium sized company and currently employs 925 drivers and 425 support personnel. Its facilities are located in Cleveland OH, Los Angeles CA, St. Louis MO and Bayonne NJ. The Huffman Trucking Company currently owns and operates 800 road tractors, 2,100 45 foot trailers and 260 â€Å"roll-on/roll-off’ units. Each piece of equipment undergoes safety maintenance every 25000 miles which ensures the safety of its drivers and the safe arrival of its customer’s precious cargo. The Huffman Trucking Company is privately owned company which was founded by K. Huffman who was a native of, and born in Cleveland OH. K. Huffman founded the Huffman Trucking Company in 1936 with the use of a single tractor-trailer. The trucking company got its start during World War II, the company was able to grow quickly during this time. This growth was due to an increased need for shipping services in 1945 between the Midwest and the East coast. By 1945, the Huffman Trucking Company grew from a single tractor-trailer to 16 tractor and 36 trailers. As a result of high internet sales, the Huffman Trucking Company continues to grow this continued growth allows for the company to remain privately owned. The one ethical issue that I found with the Huffman Trucking Company is that 100% of the company’s Information Software Systems are outsourced to countries outside of the United States. This poses to be an ethical issue because it seems contradictory because the company is owned by an American and was started in the United States and all of its business is conducted inside of the United States. By outsourcing parts of the business, this company that is American owned seems to be capable of cutting corners to save money on staffing its departments. In an effort to save money by outsourcing, the Huffman Trucking Company may lose the loyalty of its employees and its customers. Its employees may begin to feel as though their current positions within the company are not stable positions and could be at stake of being outsourced as well. With that fear may come a decrease in trust of their employer; the Huffman Trucking Company. When employee ratings are low, productivity decreases and can have an effect on the company on a larger scale. Employees may be come unproductive and as a result of poor customer service, sales decrease and put the company in jeopardy. A once large and long standing company will crumble if the trust of its employees is lost. It may be wise for the business to reconsider outsourcing an entire department and giving away jobs that are greatly needed here in the United States.

The Ropes to Know the Ropes to Skip Essay Example

The Ropes to Know the Ropes to Skip Essay Example The Ropes to Know the Ropes to Skip Paper The Ropes to Know the Ropes to Skip Paper According to his dialogue with Stanley on page 53, It seems that Claude feels like he Is singled out for being black Instead of being viewed as an asset to the company sugarless of his race. The Company was breaking the psychological contract with Claude by treating him as a token. Ted has no faith in Clauses ability to increase their recruitment of professional minorities. While Claude was not interested in taking the recruitment position, he also felt he did not have the option to turn It down. Claude decided to put his best efforts In the recruitment of molesters. He assessed the situation and identified a more effective process to increase test scores among black recruits. 2. Motivation Management Achieving managerial goals involves strategy. Both interdepartmental teams and ion employees are led by managers who do not have direct authority over their employees. In this situation, managers need to sell their Idea rather than be direct. Using persuasive relationship behavior requires an understanding of the 6 tendencies of human behavior: 1 . Through the art of reciprocation employees will feel an obligation to return a favor if the manager uses this tool accurately. . The use of consistency to control and direct future actions will set expectations. 3. Social validation is important for a manager to understand because people look to what others are doing as a guide. 4. People prefer to say yes to those they like. 5. Expressing authority does not always support effective results. 6. A sense of scarcity produces an Increased desire. (Clinical pig. 562) Unions are effective at building allies through the process of exchange. Especially in an Analytic setting, ten manager needs to gal. adequate International auto ten ally before they can lead effectively. Unions often pay overtime if an employee works extra hours on the weekends. If there was no benefit to the employee, the process of reciprocity would not work. The virtuous spiral as described on page 588 explains the managers importance of insistently rewarding individuals for their performance. Proctor Gamble Has been marked b y many forward thinking efforts to establish a virtuous spiral relationship with its employees based on employee involvement and the development of leaders throughout the company. (Lealer Ill pig 589) 3. Is Frankly a Toxic Manager? Why or why not? According to Roy Lubing, toxic managers are a fact of life .. . (The Organizational Behavior Reader, 2007). Individuals with this style of management generally complicate work, drain precious energy and essentially derail progress. Learning to ell with such people can improve ones own health and capability in the workplace. In my opinion, Frankly exhibits traits of a toxic manager, specifically, he chooses favorites in the company the world is divided in two-his people and other people(Rite, pig 89). In my opinion, he does not fully understand the requirements of being an effective manager. Instead of using the strengths and weaknesses of his team, he pits employees against one another by playing favorites in turn creating an unhealthy work environment for anyone who is not on his list. Ben may have not been a toxic manager I the earlier years in The Company, but the organization has changed. Ben does not adjust well to change. Leadership values Bens ability to get the Job done, but his difficulty to work well with others forces managers to view him as a threat. Do you think Ben would like the corporate life here? Oh lord No (Rite pig 237). Interpersonal Communication 4. Provide an example of the effective use of communication from the Rite Book. Use the Achieving Purpose list from the class notes to substantiate your example. To be an effective communicator, one must master the art of active listening. A large part of effective communication is achieved by focusing on the recei ver and truly existing. Equally important is making sure the receiver(s) understand what has been communicated and responding appropriately to questions and concerns. A good example of effective communication in the Rite book occurred in Chapter 18: Ted suggests open communication to deal with the issues of opening the new Expanders Plant in Poachable. Ted cuts to the point and looks for a simple and direct way to communicate his thoughts and feelings. While Ted may not always be the best listener, overall this character provides us with a good insight into effective communication. Many of the other characters in Rite lack the skill set according to en Canceling Purpose last to De class as detective communicators. . Which characters in Rite are assertive, aggressive, and non assertive in their communication styles? Provide examples. Aggressive: Ben Frankly is an aggressive manager. Aggressive Managers are highly receive to certain things and seek to intimidate others. An example of Bens aggressive behavior is shown in chapter 18 of the Rite book. In this section, Ben and Ted are debating about a meeting that needs to be held. Ben is aggressive in his delivery on when and how the meeting will be held. Never you mind says Ben, I now what I am doing(Rite pig 93). Assertive: Ted Shelby has characteristics of an assertive manager. Ted is one of the most effective managers in the book. Ted does not take advantage of others, and is expressive and self enhancing. The differences in management styles between Ted Shelby and Ben Frankly are shown in chapter 9 of Rite. Ben and Ted are arguing about Stanley promotion in The Company. Ben is aggressive in stating that Stanley needs to stay put. Ted is clear I his reasons why Stanley deserves to move up in the company. Ben has kept him there so long that most people think of Stanley and the Lana web system as an inseparable team. Only rarely will someone like Ted Shelby think of some other kind of Job for him(Rite pig 53) Ted is highly successful because he knows what is best for himself and for others like Stanley in the Company. Non Assertive: Lessee landed a big sale and she expected her Boss Kerry Drake to reward or acknowledge her accomplishments. Kerry Drake is not very personable. Instead of rewarding, he identifies all the ways that Lessee should improve. It shows in this section that Kerry does not understand motivational theory and he shows self- denying characteristics and timid behavior. Subordinates viewed him as completely fair minded, a workaholic. He lacked the human touch. (Rite pig: 80) 6. Place at least 3 Rite characters on the Management grid and explain why you place them where you did. Ted Shelby IV is the impoverished manager. I think of Ted as the empty suit in the office. He exert minimum effort to get certain tasks done. In chapter 40 of Rite Ted Shelby is rearranging furniture in his office. Ted has plenty of extra time to attend Dry Faustus classes on participative management. Occasionally Ted Shelby might have a lapse of memory, but Kerry or Ben will be quick to set them straight. (Rite pig 187) Ted Shelby Sir. Believes that you catch more flies with honey than vinegar. (Rite P 189) Ted creates a good environment to attend to the needs of people in the organization. He is The Country Club Manager. Ted is an effective manager of professionals. Ben Frankly although toxic at times creates a team of committed people. Ben develops a level AT trust Ana re spect to tense employees Tanat support Nils Otto Chapter 14 supports my notion that Ben is a team manager. In this section there is talk that upper management will do a review of Bens plant and his employees. Jimmy Kelley, one of Bens subordinates has been working the line for many years. The Company wants to evaluate the speed of Bens workers. That dumb bastard (Ted) is trying to come I her and hold a stop watch on our guys. (Rattier). Ben, although aggressive to upper management, is extremely loyal to those that keep his plant running the way that Ben likes it. Ben may not be a team manager to all in The Company, this section shows that his team comes first. 7. Level 5 leaders have the ability to set their individual needs aside I order to support the company. They want to build and stand behind a great company. Most executives over the last few years I the financial industries were not thinking like level 5 leaders. Greed and self interests plagues many companies which led to one of the largest recessions that our nation has ever experienced. If the organizations had more level 5 leaders, perhaps more attention would be placed on the financial statements and what is best for the company rather than excessive bonuses and lavish lifestyles. The lack of level 5 organizations has led to a collapse of many large companies. The businesses that were not built to last have created a trickle- down effect that has spread over a variety of industries and social classes. 8. The Company appears to want only managers and not leaders. Agree or disagree with this statement and provide examples from Rite to support your conclusion. Look carefully at Professor Faustus comments. The company is searching for both leaders and managers. A manager can maintain control of the organization while being able to administer a shot term view. A leader is innovative and has a more long term view. Leaders challenge the status quo and look to inspire. Dry Faust is a leader who knows how to be an effective manager. His role in the company as a university chairman and coach has many leadership characteristics. In chapter 29, Dry Faust provides a great distinction between a leader and a manager. Managements greatest folly is to believe that organizational members, when called upon to supply information that can affect their own organizational well-being can be neutral with regard to that information. Mangers pore over pages of stats that are tributes to little else than human creativity'(Rite pig. 135) this is a great example of how Dry Faust distinguishes his thought process from that of a manager in The Company. . 5 Bases of Power: Referent Power: Ben Frankly defends his subordinates interests. This is best shown in chapter 14 when Ben protects Jimmy Kelsey from the other managers. Ben although aggressive, is also sensitive to his subordinates feelings. In chapter Ted sensed Is In Tabor AT tens rating game ( pig dens flew AT ten world Is Tanat you take care of your people. Upper management finds it to be a challenge to work with Ben because he possesses such strong Referent Power as this section in the book indicates. Expert Power: Ted Shelby is knowledgeable in the framework of the organization. Ted coziness the concerns of his employees and promotes and image of an expert in his field. As far as he is concerned, the key to successful business is to apply the most modern management techniques. He cannot believe that anyone without an MBA could possibly know anything about running a company. Legitimate Power: Although Dry. Faust is not a manager per SE, he fits the characteristics of polite, confident, cordial, and provides the reasoning behind some of the other managers behavior. Throughout the book, Dry. Faust is looking to verify understanding from Stanley and others in The Company. Chapter 47 provides opportune details to why I believe Dry Faust would have legitimate Power. In Truth, Faustus reputation is more important than Stanley current 219) Reward Power: Ted Shelby IV is reasonable with his perception of how his subordinates should be rewarded. Coercive Power: Ted Shelby shows traits of coercive power. Ted administers punishment to his subordinates consistently throughout the book. In particular, chapter 23 shows how Ted warns Stanley before punishing him after he laid out the rules of working for The Company in New York. Keep your eyes open and your mouth shut (Rite 114) yelled Ted to Stanley. As a result of Stanley disagreeing with Tees presentation, Stanley is punished and needs to go all around The Company and get to know his colleagues. 10. 8 Political Tactics 1 . Attacking/ Blaming others: In chapter 52, most of the characters in the book fell victim to the blame game. Ted Shelby passed a mess of papers to Stanley that said please exercise this at your earliest convenience(Rite pig 253)The chain of messages traveled through many channels of the company. No one ever stopped and asked for clarity. This was a great example of how each person saw plausible tenability in eyeing able to blame someone else out of their fears of being wrong about the interpretation of the message. 2. Using Information as a political tool: When Ted Shelby rolled out the Subordinate Readiness program in chapter 51, Kerry Drake was not completely in favor of the project. Kerry did however want to keep a high effectiveness rating with Ted. Kerry used the information he had about Stanley to his benefit. He knew Stanley was trying to get In good Walt upper management, so en passed ten outlet on to ml. Stanley was the messenger back and forth between Kerry and Ted. Stanley was being used as Seekers political tool. 3. Creating a Favorable Image: Ted Shelby IV was rearranging furniture in his office to accommodate a more welcoming feeling. He replaced a traditional executive table with a round table in an attempt to promote feedback. Kerry Drake was quick to educate Ted on the importance of creating a favorable image that upper management is elite and needs to be feared in a sense and also respected. 4. Developing a base of support: Stanley throughout the book uses this tactic as has way to improve his position in The Company. Stanley makes continuous efforts to support others while also earning the respect and support that he needs to move round within The Company. 5. Praising Others-ingratiation: Ted Shelby praises Erne Ernie Ron, the chief accountant in chapter 23. Despite Ermines monotone, routine presentation that lacked energy, Ted is praising Erne for a Job well done. This political tactic was used in this context because the presentation was part of the required process, and Ted intelligently knows to protect the integrity of the organization and its people. Stanley disagreed with Ted and was punished as a result. 6. Forming power coalitions with strong allies: In many chapters within the book, Ben Frankly uses his team to create strong allies from other departments and management within the company. Ben uses this political tactic as a way to try and avoid change in his plant and The Company. 7. Associating with Influential People: Stanley does this thought the book. As a result of his efforts, he moves swiftly through The Company and learns many valuable lessons on the Journey. 8. Creating obligations- reciprocity: Ted uses reciprocity o chapter 50. This chapter exposes the fundamental differences between Ted and Ben. Tees perception focuses on creating a corporate mentality that each subordinate will be rewarded if they play the game and and put forth a solid effort. Ben however has no interest in increasing his position in the company, and is therefore not motivated by the obligations that Ted is trying to create. 1 1 . Wright and Cropland believe that happiness should produce better Job performance and a better environment for their co-workers. I agree with the article. When employees are happy, they tend to be more optimistic and find positive outcomes in more undesirable situations. The articles both agree that psychological well being is the driving force for effective employee behavior.

The Power of Celebrating Victories - and What Youre Missing if You Dont

The Power of Celebrating Victories - and What Youre Missing if You Dont How good are you at celebrating victories? Even little ones? Lex Ishimoto had every reason to believe, even assume, that he would be given a coveted ticket to the â€Å"So You Think You Can Dance† Academy.[1] Lex is one of the most qualified candidates who has ever auditioned for this show. He has been dancing since the age of seven, competed in countless dance competitions, and trained extensively in hip hop, modern, and ballet. At age 15, he received a rare offer to train with the American Ballet Theater – and turned it down. He played Billy Elliot on Broadway, and performs with the famous Travis Wall’s Shaping Sound Dance Company. Lex took a risk. He danced an improvisational routine rather than a choreographed one. He received a standing ovation from the judges and was given a ticket straight to the Academy. Unexpected Celebration! I honestly thought it would be reasonable for Lex not to be surprised or particularly excited about getting his ticket. Really, it was a foregone conclusion. And personally, when I am 99% sure I am going to reach a result, I often don’t exhibit a lot of emotion when I get it. I just don’t think it’s a big deal. But Lex looked almost like a little boy running out to the street with his ticket in hand, not quite knowing what to do with his excitement. Here’s a video that includes his response to his victory. The quality is not great, but it’s the best I could find (please Google Lex Ishimoto YouTube if you’d like to view a better-quality video of the performance itself): I was struck by my own thoughts about celebration as I watched Lex do his little victory dance. Here’s some of what went through my head: I’m so glad he celebrated. I feel better because he celebrated! I bet people around me would feel better if I celebrated more. I can celebrate things even if they seem small to me. Guess I don’t have to sit around waiting for big victories. Maybe Lex celebrated because he risked doing an improv routine. He challenged himself and it could have backfired, but instead it paid off. I often feel true excitement when I take a risk and it pays off (and sometimes even when it doesn’t). I should write a blog about this. Hmmm†¦ I wonder what the research is on celebration? That last bullet prompted me to do some Googling. Here’s what I found about why it’s important to celebrate, even small victories – especially in the workplace. (See 7 Reasons It Always Pays to Celebrate Small Victories and Here’s why you should throw yourself a party the next time you reach a goal.) Some Benefits of Celebrating Victories: Positive reinforcement. People are motivated to perform better when they celebrate, and are celebrated for, their wins. Celebration creates future success. Fun. Celebrations make life – and work – fun! We work hard to achieve what we achieve, and it’s important to allow ourselves to be joyful for what we’ve done, rather than quickly move to the next thing. Marking progress. When you celebrate consistently, you create markers of where you’ve come from and where you are now. Keeping this perspective will motivate you to keep going, set even bigger goals, and clarify the direction you want to go. Confidence. Getting outside acknowledgment is one thing, but choosing to celebrate a victory for yourself is ultimately a more sustainable way to build confidence and joy. Yes, we get to create our own joy! It’s infectious. Celebrating yourself can create joy and satisfaction in others, particularly the people who helped you reach your goal. It will encourage them to join you too! Plus, you’ll start celebrating others more when you intentionally give props to yourself. I realize there might be some naysayers out there who think reveling in your wins will make other people feel bad. I would suggest you stop worrying about them and surround yourself with people who will rejoice with you! Gratitude. Much has been written on the benefits on gratitude. Celebrating victories is a powerful way to give thanks for what you have accomplished. Remember, you don’t need to have big wins to find cause for celebration. Today I expressed joy when I received a meaningful compliment. I’m celebrating that a friend took me up on my offer to come over and use my WiFi when his was down. I’m celebrating that I went to the first meeting of an Entrepreneurs group at 6am this morning. And I’m celebrating that I made it through 10 rounds of a challenging circuit at the gym. In a moment, I will give myself some love for writing my blog on Thursday night, three days before I usually sit down to do it. There are so many things to inspire joy in life if you look for them. What can you take time to celebrate today? [1] â€Å"So You Think You Can Dance† is a dance competition and TV show where dancers with a range of experience compete, first to get into the Academy, then to the Top 20, and then to win the competition. Winners must not only become fluent in dance styles including ballet, modern, jazz, hip hop and Bollywood, but they must also exhibit a compelling range of emotion on the dance floor.

Security analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Security analysis - Essay Example Consequently, more fund managers from the United Kingdom have made efforts to invest in China since its economic growth rate is significantly higher compared to other countries in the world. It is imperative to note that investment fund managers are driven by the potential rate of return from a given region, and this is the motivating factor for choosing an investment destination. Advantages of Investing in China One of the advantages of investing in China is the magnitude presented in the potential of its market. Foreign ventures and businesses set up investments in order to serve a local market. The market size and growth rate opportunities are some of the key factors in the determination of an investment destination. Essentially, investors target unexploited markets that are of a significant size with potential for growth. Therefore, countries that have large markets and growth potential are viable investment destinations. The Chinese population of over one billion people offers a large market for any industrial products (Malkiel et al., 2010). In fact, the huge population has a great consumption potential that can be harnessed for business gain. In the recent past, the purchasing power of the Chinese population has also increased significantly, scaling up the uptake of goods and services. Therefore, the large population of the Chinese region attracts fund managers to invest in the region due to the potentially huge market that population offers. Imperatively, China is a prime location for any investor to pump financial resources into as the prospect of getting a market for the goods and services produced is high. The infrastructural development of a region has an influence on the economic growth of the place. The availability of roads, waterways and other forms of transport is a critical consideration in the evaluation of an investment destination. The Chinese administration has made significant investments in the transport infrastructure. In fact, popular investment destinations in China such as Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou have a world class transport infrastructure that offers a great environment for investment (Buckley, Wang & Clegg, 2006 p. 145). The availability of resources is an important factor in the selection of an investment destination. Human resource is a significant factor of production for any economic activity. The large Chinese population offers a huge pool of labor force that can be harnessed for economic production. The large population in China also implies that the cost of labor is significantly lower compared to other regions. One of the principles of business investment is the minimization of cost. The relatively low cost of labor in China makes the cost of business operations less than in countries in the European Union (Eichengreen & Tong, 2006). Hence, low costs of operations can offer a business an opportunity to obtain more profits in the long run. China also has substantial natural resources. Industria l production and manufacturing rely on natural resources to produce goods and products. China has its own oil reserves as well as the largest coal deposits on the globe. The supply of electric power is sufficient and affordable. It should be noted that the country has minerals and land which can be harnessed for economic gain. China has adopted policies that encourage openness to international trade as well as easy access to internation

Short paper-Communication Skills in the Practice of Medicine Essay

Short paper-Communication Skills in the Practice of Medicine - Essay Example The ability to communicate effectively has an implication in patient care. Some medical organizations has determined that the most frequent reason for complaints among patients against physicians is poor communication. Thereby, certain community groups have identified communication skills as essential component in medical practice and medical training. In order to provide a systematic approach and continuity to effective communication. The following information are recommended: 2. Case Models through Independent Community Based Inputs: Case presentations and teaching models should be critically examined to rule our unrecognized personal, cultural and professional biases and barriers. There are so many factors and skills that a medical professional and a patient can use to communicate with each other. One thing that a patient is looking at to most doctors is the trust they can acquire through effective explanation of all procedures and the trust they could get from the nurses on how effective they could deliver the health care services necessary for them to feel good from any diseases. Effective communication involves continuous process between doctors and doctors; doctors and nurses; doctors and patients; patients and nurses. Set skills are essential in order to implement it with confidence. Normally, the process starts with interviewing the patient by introducing self (doctor) and by simply doing an interactive line of questioning to the patient and assessment of the nature of complaint. At times, doctors can depend on facilitation movements specially for patients whos language is not the doctors language but the danger of merely relying on facilitation could be detrimental as this may cause incorrect diagnosis. Facilitations are done through eye contact, posture, gesture or even silence. Doctor to doctor communication varies from one another depending on the nature of the patients disease.

California's History of Segregated Education Essay

California's History of Segregated Education - Essay Example Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) was one of the courts’ rulings, which permitted legal segregation for approximately 60 years. Some people were against, any form of, segregation. For instance, Gonzalo Mendez and other Latino parents filed a case (in 1945) to end segregations, in California’ public schools. The case filed was known as Mendez v. Westminster (1946). They argued that it was wrong to separate students into different schools, simply because they were of different races (Latino or Mexican). The judgement, on this case, was in favour of Mendez: even though the schools’ lawyers argued that the students were segregated because they spoke a foreign language. The court ruled that according to the 14th Amendment, all students had the right to access equal education. Following this ruling, it was unconstitutional to segregate students, on the basis of their national originality. Mendez case, however, was never appealed to the United State Supreme Court. The Brown v. the Education (1954), case also aimed at ending segregations, in California. It ruled that education was to be given to all, on equal terms. The ruling on the Brown case, however, faced some challenges. For instance, the Southern states defied the ruling, while some White Community prevented the NAACP from enrolling Africa-America students, in Central High School (Caplow 305). These three cases were related in that the Mendez case laid the foundation of the Brown case, while the Brown case brought about the reversal of the Plessy (1896) case, in 1954. Both the Mendez and Brown cases also DEJURE segregations of public schools (Ritzer 180). Segregations between the Latino and Mexican America resulted to poor Mexican schools. There were less-experienced teachers, in the Mexican schools than in the Anglo schools. The Mexican students were given less educational materials than the Anglo students (Ritzer 234). In fact, the Mexican students were taught in crowded classrooms, while the Angl o students were taught in spacious classrooms. The segregation was also evident in their curriculum, which was carried out, in the Anglo, and Mexican schools. The Anglo students were taught geometry and biology, while the Mexican students were taught industrial skills and domestic chores (Dundjerski 352). In addition, most of the Anglo teachers discouraged the Mexican students from advancing beyond the eighth grade. Indeed, the Mexican curriculum was of low quality such that the students could not get, any prominent job, after they were through with their classes. The education, which the Mexican got, would only get them cheap jobs in the prospering agriculture communities of California. This segregation, therefore, could not allow the Mexican students to get advanced education; if they got advanced education, then they would not accept farm labor. Segregation between Latino and Mexican America resulted into the discrimination of Mexicans. Mexicans were not allowed in most of the pa rks, dance halls, eateries, hotels, stores, and barbershops. They also had less access to public swimming pool; they were only allowed to swim for one day, weekly (Dundjerski 203). In addition, the swimming pool was cleaned and drained, immediately after the Mexican-America had swum. The Mexican Americas were, also, not spared in the restaurants; they were only served after all the white customers had been served. Today segregation is still evident, in some parts of California. For instances, those schools that are located in

Sport Psychology Case Study

Sport Psychology Case Study DOING SPORT PSYCHOLOGY1 INTRODUCTION Performing optimally on any level is daunting, but when your next paycheque depends on your performance, it adds a whole new dimension to the stress and challenges faced. By adopting more effective ways and tools to deal with these obstacles, these athletes are able to overcome these challenges and perform at their best. SECTION A – Initial contact with athlete At the beginning of January I walked into the Dojo, ready to start a new year of training, and saw a new face, sweating it out in the cage. Roeloff â€Å"the Wolf† Scheepers, Professional EFC Fighter, had joined our Dojo. Roeloff is 28 years old and has been training in various forms of Martial Arts since he was in primary school. Roeloff relocated to Mossel Bay in December 2013 from Rustenburg, where he trained with Teammendes for about four years. After school he joined the South African Air Force and served in Iraq with the United States Marine Corp from 2005 to 2006. A few years ago he lost his job and had to take on professional fights in order to try make a living. Our Dojo has a lot of students and many different classes running simultaneously, and with him training for EFC 30, and me training and instructing it was quite a while before I had a chance to strike up a conversation with him. I had heard via the grapevine that he had suffered a bad loss last year due to injury, so I used this to strike up a conversation with him one night while he was taking a break. We became fast friends, and often discuss the ups and downs and challenges of fighting professionally. Roeloff had a very hectic training schedule so he was at the Dojo at least 6 days a week, morning and night. I instruct on a Monday and Wednesday, and train Mondays to Thursdays, so I was able to chat to him at least 4 days a week. Our interactions and conversations were very casual, usually before, during and after training. As we trained under the same instructor and in the same Dojo I had plenty of opportunities to observe him training. I was also privileged enough to go to Cape Town to watch him fight at EFC 30 in June. I found Roeloff very open and eager to chat to me about his training and challenges. He is always looking for ways to learn more and improve on his existing techniques and training and was eager to hear if I had any advice for him. One of the biggest challenges faced by professional MMA fighters is the mental aspect of the training. The physical side of fight preparation is brutal, and if you are not mentally strong, the training can easily get the better of you. When training for a fight, cutting weight, incessant sparring, rolling, weight training and cross-fit training can really work a number on you mentally and physically. Roeloff maintains that if you are not mentally prepared and strong enough you will not make it. One of his biggest challenges was the weight cut. Professional fighters get paid per fight, R5000 for a loss and R10000 for a win. If at the weigh in, a fighter does not make weight, his opponent has the choice of whether to fight him or not. If the opponent chooses to continue with the fight, the fighter that did not make weight has to pay his opponent 75% of his fight purse, win or lose. Because of this, some fighters go to extreme measures to cut their weight, and there is such a fine balance between healthy methods that enhance energy and performance, and unhealthy methods that can totally sabotage the fighter. It is also very tough being on such a strict diet while your friends can eat as they please. It takes a huge amount of self-control and discipline to stick to the eating plan, and sometimes Roeloff lacks this self-control when he is not being monitored closely. He also has the tendency to get despondent when he feels he is not performing up to standard. He sets high standa rds for himself, and he trains and fights for his Dojo†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦his instructor and fellow students†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.and he does not want to disappoint us. So he puts a lot of pressure on himself. I really enjoyed this stage of the process. Getting to know Roeloff and observing him was very interesting, and I have made another good friend as a result of it. It was very informative and a great learning curve, and allowed me to look at fighting from a different perspective. SECTION B – Literature review I did a search through various literature on enhancing performance by setting goals in order to give Roeloff some advice. Most of the studies that have been done over the years regarding goal setting and performance have been in the industrial context. It is only in the last 20 years or so that studies have been done on the relationship between goal setting and performance in sports and these studies have shown a positive correlation between goal setting and performance in sports. Goal setting is important otherwise the athlete will not know what he is working towards. This can be demotivating in itself. Goal setting theory is based on what Aristotle called â€Å"final causality† (Locke, E.A., 1996). According to Locke (1996) there are internal and external aspects to goals. Internally they are ideas, while externally they refer to the object or condition sought, therefore the idea guides the action to attain the object. In a study conducted with 5 rugby players, Hanton et al (2006) found that goal setting was effective in improving the rugby player’s performance. Smith Ward (2006) found that after Football players had set goals they performed better than they did during their baseline testing. In a study conducted by Weinberg, Bruya, Longino and Jackson (1988) they found that the group of athletes that were given specific goals performed better than the group that was told to â€Å"do their best†. Specific goals facilitate behaviour change more effectively than general non-specific, â€Å"do your best† goals do. By setting specific explicit goals, the athlete knows exactly what is expected of them and what they want to achieve. This is what I believe Roeloff needs in order to deal more effectively with the challenge of trying to cut weight. Goals should also be difficult but not unrealistic. Often for a professional fighter, the amount of weight they have to lose may seem to be impossible. Due to this impossible amount of weight to be cut, the fighter might even start believing it is impossible even before he starts his eating program, causing him to lose motivation before he even starts. This is counterproductive for any athlete trying to achieve a particular goal. It is argued by Locke (1990) that if goals are to difficult and result in failure, the athlete will lose motivation which in turn will lead to a decrease in performance, therefore goals need to be attainable and not too difficult. SECTION C – Intervention After I had gotten to know Roeloff a bit better, I spoke to him about my assignment and studies, and that I would like to observe him and could maybe offer some advice for him to try out. He was very eager for any feedback that could help him in any way. He also feels that I would maybe see things from a different perspective than him or our instructor that could be helpful. As we both spent a lot of time at the Dojo I got plenty of opportunity to observe him while training. We often socialise outside the Dojo, so I got to know him on a personal level. I often found that just by watching and listening, I gleaned a lot of information about how he thinks and feels, and what challenges he faces. One of his biggest issues is rigidly sticking to the eating plan set up by his nutritionist for his required weight cut. Cutting weight is a long hard process that can go on for months. It is easy to lose sight of the reason for the diet, so I suggested to Roeloff that maybe he should focus on his goals and goal setting. According to Locke and Latham (2002), a goal is â€Å"an objective or aim of action defined as attaining a specific standard of proficiency on a task, usually within a specified time limit†. McClements (1982) has made a distinction between different types of goals, namely subjective, general objective and specific goals. Evidence suggests that certain types of goals are more useful in changing behaviour than other types of goals. Studies have also shown that explicit goals are more effective than general ‘do your best’ goals. Roeloff’s subjective goal is to do his best, his general objective goal win his fight and his specific goal was to make a specific weight by a specific date and to win with a knock out. Roeloff’s fight preparation started in earnest about 6-8 months before his scheduled fight. This is a long time to stay focused on your main goal. I suggested to Roeloff that maybe he can set himself smaller, specific, explicit goals that will lead to his main goals. Some sports psychologists (Bell, 1983; Carron, 1984; Gould, 1983; Harris Harris, 1984; O’Block Evans, 1984) emphasise that setting more immediate short-range goals is important. In their meta-analysis Kyllo Landers (1995) showed the superiority of combining short- and long-term goals. Recent research has also revealed that both short- and long-range goals are needed to maintain motivation and performance (Weinberg, Butt Knight, 2001) By setting short-range goals, Roeloff will be able to see immediate improvement and this should enhance his motivation. By setting smaller weight cutting milestones, he will be able to see what he has done so far, and that he has achieved his short-range goal, and motivate him to make the next milestone or goal, and not lose sight of his main goal, making weight at the EFC weight in. My interactions with Roeloff have always been in the form of casual conversations. On one particular Wednesday Roeloff and I had just finished instructing the juniors and were discussing the class when we got on the topic of his upcoming fight. I mentioned that I had been thinking about his biggest obstacle and suggested to him that he set himself smaller goals, which in turn will help him achieve his main goal. Roeloff was very responsive to my suggestions and was eager to try it out. I found it was easy to approach Roeloff with my observations and ideas and he is always open to someone else’s ideas and views. SECTION D – Feedback A few months after giving Roeloff my suggestions he came to me one night and said that he had done a little research of his own about my suggestions. He decided to give it a shot and see what happens. After all, he had nothing to lose. He set himself smaller goals that would ultimately tie in and lead to his long term goal, and while keeping his eye on the main goal, focused mostly on his short-range goals. He found that it worked well for him. He found it easier to stay more focused, and managed to resist more temptation in the process, and sticking to his eating plan more strictly. By doing this, his weight loss was better, and he felt more motivated, and gained a little more self-confidence in his ability to achieve his goals. By being able to stick to his short-range goals, he felt far more positive about achieving his long-range goal. Roeloff said that this is something he will be implementing on a regular basis. It helps him define his goals better and have a clearer picture of what he needs to do in order to achieve what he sets out to do. SECTION E – Overall reflection I have really enjoyed this project and the subject as a whole. I feel that I am very blessed in the fact that I train at Tiger Kai. My head instructor is friends with many professional fighters as well as some of the top trainers in the country, and this has given me the opportunity to get to know so many fine athletes. And I was very blessed to have Roeloff relocate to Tiger Kai and allow me to use him for my project. It was a great experience getting to work with a professional fighter on such a close level, and being given access behind the scenes of an event like EFC and the inner workings of a fighters fight camp. It has been an amazing learning experience and has deepened my interest in Sports Psychology. I have had no illusions about the mental and physical aspects of being a fighter (as I have done martial arts myself for 13 years now), but I now I have a deeper understanding of some of the aspects that are not quite so visible to others around the fighter, and how these can also affect a fighters performance. CONCLUSION There are many factors, both mental and physical, that affect the performance of athletes. An athlete faces many challenges, both physically and mentally, which need to be overcome in order to achieve their goal, which is to be the best at their chosen sport. Sometimes, these challenges may seem insurmountable to some athletes, but with the right type of assistance, these challenges and obstacles can be overcome. REFERENCES Locke, E.A. Latham, G.P. (1990). A theory of Goal Setting and Task Performance. Englewood Cliffs, N.J: Prentice-Hall Hanton, S., Melleliu, S.D. O’Brien, M. (2006). The effects of goal setting on rugby performance: Journal of Applied Behaviour Analysis, 39, 257-261. Smith, S.L. Ward, P. (2006). Behavioural interventions to improve performance in collegiate football. Journal of Applied Behaviour Analysis. 39, 385-391. Weinberg, R.S. (2003). Goal setting in Sport and Exercise: Results, Methodological issues and further directions for Research. Weinberg, R., Bruya, L., Longine. J. Jackson, A. (1988). Effect of Goal proaximity and specificity on endurance performance of primary-grade children. Journal of Sport and Exercise Psychology, 10, 81-91 Williams, J.M. (Ed.). (2009). Applied Sport Psychology: Personal growth to peak performance (6th ed.). New York: McGraw Hill.

Pros and Cons of Home Schooling Essay -- Education Classroom Learning

Pros and Cons of Home Schooling In 1999, the US Department of Education estimated there were 850,000 home schooled children across America. According to the National Home Education Research Institute, between 1.5-1.9 million children are now being home schooled in grades K-12. Why are so many parents taking their children’s education into their own hands? Most parents say it is necessary because they want their children to learn at their own pace. Others say it is for safety concerns or that they want to tailor their child’s education to suit his/her needs. Whatever the reason, it is a growing trend in America.(Walsh, Mary (2001). Human Events. (57)) Many companies now sell home schooling curricula for parents to buy. The religious sect has made home schooling publications available. These include: A Beta Books, Alpha Omega Publications Inc., and Bob Jones University Press, which is affiliated with Christian University in Greenville, S.C. There are home schooling publications for almost any subject or philosophy. One upside is that 40-50% of home schooling families spend less than $400 per year. However, there are many different sources of home schooling curriculum, some with outrageous prices. (Walsh, Mark (2002). Home School Enrollment Surge fuels ‘Cottage’ Industry. Education Week (21)) Parents choose to home school their children for a variety of reasons. Most home schooling parents agree that letting their children learn at their own pace is very beneficial. Another reason that parents like to home school is for convenience. Parents who telecommute to work can stay at home at teach their children while also working. Parents get to spend more time one on one with their child... ... parents may feel that these new teachers are not going to be as effective as teachers of the past. The teachers union has made tenure easier to achieve and this has resulted in many teachers being solidified in their positions, unwilling to change their teaching methods because of their secured job. Teachers in the public school system go on strike to demand increases in salaries and benefits. These problems are not faced in the home schooling atmosphere. Whatever side you take with the debate over home schooling one thing is clear. The number of home schooled children is increasing. This trend may persist until enough pressure is brought to bear in the public education system so that parents have faith in it again. There are undeniable advantages and disadvantages to both styles of learning. In the end the child’s best intentions should be the goal.